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More than 330 arrested in Europol-led operation against illicit waste trade

Published by Global Banking & Finance Review

Posted on March 11, 2026

2 min read

· Last updated: April 1, 2026

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MADRID, March 11 (Reuters) - More than 330 people have been arrested across 70 countries in a crackdown on organised crime networks accused of trafficking illicit waste within Europe and exporting it

Europol Leads Global Operation Arresting 330 in Illicit Waste Trade Crackdown

Major International Crackdown on Illicit Waste Trafficking

Arrests and Seizures Across 70 Countries

MADRID, March 11 (Reuters) - More than 330 people have been arrested across 70 countries in a crackdown on organised crime networks accused of trafficking illicit waste within Europe and exporting it to Africa, Asia and Latin America, Europol said on Wednesday.

Details of Seized Materials and Assets

Authorities seized 127,149 metric tons of waste, 602 tons of polluting agents along with 75 tons of plant protection chemicals, 2.3 tons of mercury and nearly 10 million euros ($11.6 million) in cash and bank accounts.

Estimated Illicit Profits

The seized waste could have generated illicit profits of at least 31 million euros, officials said.

Impact and Methods of Illegal Waste Trafficking

Illegal waste trafficking has become a global problem, operating through parallel criminal circuits, Spain's Guardia Civil, which co‑led the operation, said.

"These criminal networks not only fraudulently manage urban and industrial waste, but also systematically resort to document forgery and fraud to move hazardous materials, causing negative environmental impacts and risks to public health," it said.

Previous Related Arrests

Last year, Spanish police said they had arrested a gang suspected of smuggling more than 40,000 tons a year of untreated urban waste from Italy to Spain.

Additional Information

($1 = 0.8627 euros)

(Reporting by Emma Pinedo; editing by Charlie Devereux and Alex Richardson)

Key Takeaways

  • Operation Custos Viridis, coordinated by Europol and Spain’s Guardia Civil, spanned over 70 countries and culminated in 337 arrests and the seizure of 127,149 tonnes of various waste types including e-waste, plastics, vehicles, and solar panels; hazardous materials such as 602 tonnes of polluting agents, 2.3 tonnes of mercury, and nearly €10 million in cash and bank assets were also confiscated, with estimated illicit profits of €31 million. (brusselssignal.eu)
  • Environmental crime—particularly illicit waste trafficking—continues to be a rapidly growing and highly lucrative form of organized crime, estimated to generate up to US$18 billion annually, fueled by weak regulation, document fraud, and exploitation of loopholes in circular economy frameworks. (ungeneva.org)
  • Global enforcement efforts—including WCO’s Operation DEMETER XI and earlier operations—underscore heightened cross-border coordination against waste trafficking, targeting plastic, e-waste, ozone-depleting substances, and emerging streams like textile waste, reflecting evolving criminal tactics and the need for stronger international regulation and enforcement. (wcoomd.org)

References

Frequently Asked Questions

How many people were arrested in the Europol-led operation?
More than 330 people were arrested across 70 countries.
What was seized during the operation?
Authorities seized 127,149 metric tons of waste, polluting agents, chemicals, mercury, and nearly 10 million euros in cash and bank accounts.
What regions were involved in illegal waste exports?
The waste was trafficked within Europe and exported to Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
Why is illegal waste trafficking a global problem?
It operates through criminal networks, involves document forgery and fraud, and poses environmental and public health risks.
Who co-led the operation alongside Europol?
Spain's Guardia Civil co-led the operation.

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