By Gregor Stuart Hunter SINGAPORE, March 19 (Reuters) - The yen teetered on the cusp of a two-year low at the start of trading in Asia on Thursday, pressured by a firmer dollar as markets watched for
Euro and yen gain, pushing dollar index lower following central bank decisions
Currency markets react to central bank rate decisions and global events
By Chibuike Oguh and Sophie Kiderlin
Central banks maintain rates amid inflation concerns
NEW YORK/LONDON, March 19 (Reuters) - The euro and the Japanese yen advanced against the U.S. dollar on Thursday as key central banks kept interest rates steady amid concerns about inflation from rising oil prices in the midst of the Middle East conflict.
European Central Bank and euro performance
The European Central Bank left interest rates unchanged as expected but signalled it was closely watching growth and inflation risks from surging oil prices. The euro was up 1.18% against the dollar at $1.1585.
Bank of Japan and yen movement
The Bank of Japan held interest rates steady but maintained its bias for tighter monetary policy. The yen was up 1.4% against the greenback to 157.61 per dollar.
Bank of England and sterling reaction
The Bank of England voted unanimously to keep borrowing costs on hold in the face of inflation risks from the war in the Middle East. Sterling strengthened 1.4% to $1.34360.
Expert commentary on central bank strategies
"Every central banker in the world is looking at the inflation effects, the likely output effects and asking themselves 'how much credibility do I have?'," said Steve Englander, global head of G10 FX research at Standard Chartered in New York.
Federal Reserve outlook and U.S. dollar index
The Federal Reserve also held interest rates steady on Wednesday and projected higher inflation, steady unemployment and a single reduction in borrowing costs this year.
The U.S. dollar index, which measures the greenback's strength against a basket of six currencies, was last down 1% to 99.20.
The index is still near its 10-month high reached late last week as the conflict and rising oil prices drove investors into safe-haven U.S. assets.
Comparing global central bank responses
"The Fed was pretty confident and Powell was resolutely on the fence, saying he's going to wait and see what the true impact of the war is likely to be. Now you look at other central banks, Canada was sort of neutral and the BoE, which was hawkish. The market sees more inflation risk in the UK than they do in the U.S., possibly because the UK is an energy importer and the economy is less flexible," Englander said.
Impact of oil prices and geopolitical tensions
Oil prices gained after Iran attacked energy facilities across the Middle East following Israel's strike on its South Pars gas field, a major escalation in the war. Brent crude futures rose 1.18% to settle at $108.65. [O/R]
Other central banks and currency movements
Australia bucks rate holding trend
AUSTRALIA BUCKS RATE HOLDING TREND
The Australian dollar edged up 0.83% to $0.70810 after data for February showed unemployment ticked higher to 4.3%, slightly above market estimates.
The Reserve Bank of Australia on Thursday warned the conflict in the Middle East was a material risk to the domestic economy. Unlike other central banks, the RBA had hiked rates for the second straight month on Tuesday.
Swiss National Bank and franc performance
The Swiss franc weakened after the Swiss National Bank kept rates unchanged and signalled a readiness to intervene to curb a recent surge in the currency. The euro was last close to 0.50% higher at 0.91285 against the franc.
Against the Swiss franc, the dollar weakened 0.63% to 0.78830.
Bank of Canada and Canadian dollar
The Bank of Canada on Wednesday kept its key policy rate on hold, as expected. The Canadian dollar was down 0.07% versus the greenback to C$1.374 per dollar.
Analyst perspectives on G10 central banks
"None of the seven of the G10 central bank meetings over the past two days delivered any meaningful surprises, with all seven on hold as expected (and the RBA hiking earlier in the week, also as expected), and a clear emphasis throughout on the large but highly uncertain potential impact from the Middle East energy shock," said Goldman Sachs analysts led by Stuart Jenkins, in an investor note.
"The emphasis across the meeting statements and guidance generally leaned more toward emphasizing the upside risks to inflation, rather than downside risks to growth, but with substantial differentiation across the central banks."
Cryptocurrency market update
In cryptocurrencies, bitcoin fell 1.16% to $70,407.69. Ethereum declined 1.92% to $2,146.33.
(Reporting by Chibuike Oguh in New York, Editing by Franklin Paul and Chris Reese)
